Intrinsic aging is the result of normal aging process. Extrinsic aging is the result of external factors which include ultra-violet radiation, cigarette smoking, air pollution, free-radicals, etc.

Acne vulgaris (commonly called acne) is a common skin condition, caused by changes in the pilosebaceous units. It affects the areas of skin with the densest population of sebaceous follicles; these areas include the face, the upper part of the chest, and the back.

Hyperpigmentation is the darkening of an area of skin or nails caused by increased melanin production. It can be caused by hormonal imbalances, sun damage, inflammation, or other skin injuries, including those related to acne vulgaris.

There are different types of hyperpigmented skin:

1. Melasma - result of hormonal changes. Estrogen and/or progesterone stimulate pigmentation hormones causing dark, irregular sized patches
2. Freckles - clusters of concentrated melanin less than 5mm in diameter. Increased melanin is seen in basal layer of epidermis without any increase in melanocytes
3. Senile lentigines - common after middle age on back of the hands. Compared to freckles, they have an increased number of melanocytes

KP is a condition that results in rough bumps on the skin, referred to as “chicken skin.” It most often appears on the back and outer sides of the upper arms. There are three different types of KP: KP Alba, KP Rubra, and KP Rubra Faceii. KP Alba is the most common type of KP, and is found on the body.

Ingrown hairs or razor bumps can cause tough beards and become difficult for shaving. Ingrown hairs are most common in curly-haired people and on the face, but it can also happen on other parts of the body where hair is shaved or plucked

Dry or rough skin is a very common problem affecting many people. Dehydration, cold weather, irritating fabric, or a lack of certain vitamins may be causing skin to flare up. The typical places where roughness shows up include the face, upper arms, hands, and heels.

During aesthetic procedures, (chemical peels, dermal fillers, microdermabrasion, lasers, IPL), the skin undergoes changes that can have damaging consequences on skin growth if not cared for properly. Post procedure skin is commonly dehydrated, and has lost its natural protective properties. It is important to repair and recover the skin with essential nutrients that enhance the natural healing process.

UVA/UVB rays can cause harmful skin damage and can speed the aging process. UVB is the main cause of sunburns, while UVA rays are associated with photoaging effects because they penetrate more deeply into the skin. There are many harmful effects from sun exposure such as premature skin aging and skin damage due to harmful UVA/UVB rays. If out in the sun, it is important to stay protected using the highest levels of UVA/UVB protection.

This is similar to aging skin in which both internal and external factors effect the aging process, but cannot use as high levels of ingredients due to delicate skin types and/or first time glycolic acid users